Why is Online Voting Still Largely a Black Box?

@InProceedings{KirstenVolkamerBeckert2022,
  author                = {Michael Kirsten and
                           Melanie Volkamer and
                           Bernhard Beckert},
  title                 = {Why is Online Voting Still Largely a Black Box?},
  booktitle             = {First International Workshop on Election Infrastructure
                           Security (EIS 2022) in conjunction with ESORICS 2022:
                           European Symposium on Research in Computer Security},
  publisher             = {Springer},
  series                = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  editor                = {Sokratis Katsikas and
                           Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Cuppens and
                           Christos Kalloniatis and
                           John Mylopoulos and
                           Frank Pallas and
                           J{\"o}rg Pohle and
                           {M. Angela} Sasse and
                           Habtamu Abie and
                           Silvio Ranise and
                           Luca Verderame and
                           Enrico Cambiaso and
                           Jorge {Maestre Vidal} and
                           {Marco Antonio} {Sotelo Monge} and
                           Massimiliano Albanese and
                           Basel Katt and
                           Sandeep Pirbhulal and
                           Ankur Shukla},
  volume                = {13785},
  pages                 = {555--567},
  doi                   = {10.1007/978-3-031-25460-4_32},
  month                 = sep,
  year                  = {2022},
  abstract              = {Online elections and polls are increasingly gaining ground.
                           Since the beginning of the pandemic, many associations, companies and
                           agencies opted for online elections at some point.
                           Yet, most of these elections use online voting systems that are a black box
                           for voters, even though the current state of research offers cryptographic
                           means that would allow voters to detect potential manipulations, e.g., by
                           methods for end-to-end (E2E) verifiability.
                           \newline

                           In this paper, we report on qualitative exploratory research to determine
                           the reasons for this situation.
                           We evaluate responses from a panel at a national conference in Germany by
                           specialists from official agencies, industry, and academia, whom we asked
                           why election organizers still largely opt for systems that are not
                           verifiable and how this could be changed.
                           We furthermore present an exploratory study in which we asked program
                           committee members from relevant international conferences to assess the
                           obtained panel responses on their accuracy, relevance, and completeness.
                           Finally, we discuss possible next steps for strengthening our findings and
                           how to implement them to see more verifiable voting systems being used in
                           the future.},
  venue                 = {Copenhagen, Denmark},
  eventdate             = {2022-09-30/2022-09-30}
}